Empowerment Technologies: Imaging and Design for the Online Environment
Imaging and Design for the Online Environment
MELC: Applies and manipulates text, graphics, and images to create ICT content intended for an online environment.
Learning Objective/s:- Understand the basic principles of graphics and layout design
- Understand the principles of visual message design using infographics;
- Distinguish the online file formats for images and text;
- Understand the principles and basic techniques of image manipulation;
- Perform basic image manipulation using open source software/s or other editing software/s available; and
- Appreciate the uses of image manipulation/editing software.
IMAGING AND DESIGN FOR THE ONLINE ENVIRONMENT
Basic Principles of Graphics and Layout
What is an Image?
Image is a representation of the external form of person or thing in art. Images may be 2-dimensional, such as photograph or screen display, or 3-dimensional, such as statue or hologram. You can capture images through optical devices-such as cameras, mirrors, lenses, telescopes, microscopes, etc., and natural objects and phenomenon, such as human eye or water.
What are Graphics?
Graphics are visual images or designs on some surface, such as wall, canvas, screen, paper, or stone to inform, illustrate or entertain.
Example: Photographs, Drawings, Line Art, Geometric Designs, Computer Graphics
What is an Image Manipulation?
Image Manipulation involves the art of transforming or altering an image using different methods and techniques to achieve desired output.
What is a Layout?
It is the process of planning and arranging graphics or text in a page or book. A good layout should have a balanced make up and alignment of elements.
Elements and Principles of Design
The elements and principles of design are the building blocks of a successful beautiful design. The elements of design are the things or tools that make up a design while the Principles of design are what we do to those elements.
The Elements of Design
These are the materials or tools to make different designs or arts.
LINE – Lines are defined by points moving in space. It can create a sense of movement or direction in your design. Line is can be smooth, rough, straight, curve, broken, thick or thin.
SHAPE – A shape is an enclosed space, the boundaries of which are defined by other elements of art like lines, colors, values or textures. Shapes can be used to create patterns and draw the viewer’s attention.
DIRECTION – Applying motion to create the visual illusion of movement. Use horizontal direction for calmness, stability and tranquility while vertical direction for emotions of balance, formality and alertness.
SIZE (SCALE) – Size is basically the relationship of the area occupied by one shape to that of another. Large elements means more significant than the small one.
TEXTURE – Texture refers to surface appearance of an
object given by the dimensions, form, thickness,
arrangement, and amount of its basic parts.
COLOR – Color is light redirected off objects. It is used to create curiosity and emotions to the viewer’s. It has three main characteristics: hue (these are red, green, blue, etc.), value (lightness/ darkness), and intensity (saturation, or amount of pigment) and temperature (warm and cool
Symmetrical balance occurs when identical weights are on equal sides of a composition.
Asymmetrical balance occurs when a design have unequal graphic weight on either side, but those unequal graphics need to balance each other (un-evenly balanced).
Radial balance occurs when the design elements swirl out from a central axis (emanating from a central point)
2. PROXIMITY – Proximity maintains a relationship between items that go together. It helps creates organization by grouping the same elements together or in close proximity. The elements should be connected visually.
3. ALIGNMENT – Alignment refers to lining up the elements of a design along the top, bottom, center or sides of the elements. It allows us to create order and organization in our design. The whole point of the alignment is that nothing in your design should look as if it were placed there randomly.
4. REPETITION, PATTERN, AND RHYTHM – Repetition duplicates the characteristics of similar elements to contribute to design consistency. It strengthens a design by tying together individual elements; pattern is a regular arrangement of alternated or repeated elements like shapes, lines or colors; rhythm--is a combination of elements repeated, but with variations
5. CONTRAST – Contrast refers to the use of conflicting elements or colors while still remaining harmonious and unified when the artwork is viewed as a whole. It allows you to give emphasis to key elements in your design.
6. SPACE – It refers to the area that an object occupies. Both positive and negative space should be considered in graphic design. White space gives your design breathing room.
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